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How to Replace Window Panes

A damaged window pane could cause a lot of trouble. This could be an opportunity to upgrade to energy-efficient windows or insulated ones to enjoy benefits like increased comfort, increased resale value and lower utility costs.

You can do it yourself at a fraction of what it would cost to hire an expert. You'll only require the right tools and a few minutes of your time.

Glass

If your single pane windows are old, deteriorating or broken replacing them with more modern glass that is tempered or insulated can increase energy efficiency and decrease noise while preserving the original character of older homes. Most homeowners with basic hand tools can repair a window pane. You will also need an additional window pane, glazier's tips, pliers, and latex glaze putty. If you need to you can make use of a heat gun to warm the old putty. Before starting, wear gloves and safety glasses as working with broken glass could cause injuries.

Begin by removing any remaining broken pieces of glass. This is best done using pliers, but a flathead screwdriver can also be effective in a pinch. Utilize a wood chisel or putty knives to remove any old putty remaining around the frame and the window sash. Be careful not to break the window sash. Take your time and work slowly. This should be done on an elevated ladder, not on the ground. Also, ensure that someone lower to keep it in place.

Make sure the window frame is ready to accept the new pane when you have removed the old putty. To allow for seasonal expansion or contraction by subtracting 1/8 inch from the measurements of the width and height. These measurements can be taken to a home center or hardware store to get cut a piece of stock glass to the right size. You can also cut the glass by yourself if you possess the appropriate tools.

After putting in the new pane after installing the new pane, put a tiny amount of caulking around the edges to make it weatherproof. Then, place a glazier's tip on the frame's opposite side to secure the pane into place. The points should not be so tight as to cause friction between the sash and frame however they should not be too loose.

Before applying the putty to the surface, knead thoroughly until it becomes soft and free from lumps. Then make it into pencil-sized strips. Place the first strip in the corner of the frame, working from one corner to another so that it is even and smooth.

Glazier's Points

The glazier's points are tiny triangular metal pieces that help secure the glass to the frame without causing any damage to the fragile surface. Understanding how to use these tiny pieces of help is simple and can save you money on a professional installation or the cost of new glass.

After the old putty as well as glazier's points are removed and the frame is thoroughly cleaned using a utility knife to remove any remaining traces. Lightly sand the wood in the rabbet grooves if needed to smooth out rough areas. If you do sand the wood, ensure you protect it with painter's tape to avoid accidental damage.

Note down the exact dimensions of the frame. Take these measurements to a hardware store or a home center and have the new pane cut slightly smaller than the frame's opening. This will ensure that the pane fits comfortably and fitted allows for expansion and contraction.

Insert the new pane into the frame and push it in with your hands. Then, use the tip of your chisel or the back end of the putty knife to make a tap on the glazier's facets, as illustrated in Figure 11. The glazier's points should sit flush against the top edge of the pane and the shoulders raised should be just beneath that lip.

Apply a thin bead of glazing compound over the edges of the new glass and into the rabbet grooves to seal and protect them. Let it dry completely and cure.

Install the new window sash when the glazing compound has dried. First, coat the wood with an even layer of linseed. This will prevent the new putty from drying out or cracking when it absorbs moisture. Apply this coat with a brush or the tip of your knife, and then employ the chisel or back end from the putty knife to gently press the new sash and glazier's point into the grooves of the rabbet. Repeat this procedure every 10 inches around the frame's perimeter.

Putty

A baseball thrown, a rock thrown in error or a branch falling can cause a broken or cracked window pane. Luckily, most windows replacement can be repaired by simply putting a brand new piece of glass in its the proper place. The glass is held into place by a small metal clip, also known as a glazier’s point and putty. This compound is also called glazing compound. Before you install a new pane, first take out the old one and clean up the area with the help of a rag, a pull-type paint scraper or an abrasive wood chisel. Wear gloves and safety glasses while doing this work. You'll need a heating gun in the event that the window is glued to the frame.

If you plan to reinstall the original sash in the future, take care to remove any pieces of molding that are used to secure the old pane. Sand the sash until it is flat and ready to receive new caulk. Once the sash is installed it is possible to apply a silicone caulk to the glass. This will ensure that it doesn't leak over time or discolor.

Remove the glazing points from the rabbets, the grooves in the sash, where the glass is. If they're difficult to work out, you can try holding an instrument like a heat gun over them to soften them up first. When using a heated tool, be sure to not scratch the sash's railings and sash.

After the old glazing points and putty are removed, prepare a bed for the new pane. Roll a piece of glazing compound between your hands, forming it into a 1/2-inch thick. Place it into the rabbets, where the glass will be placed. It is essential that the glass rests against the putty on each side So if you have to tap it, gently press the glass into the rabbet with your thumb.

If the new pane has a crack you can fill it with a solvent-based glue or silicone caulk prior to pressing it into the sash. In other cases, you'll need to putty over the crack to form a tight seal and keep water out. After the putty has dried remove the oily film off the glass and let it dry completely before you paint. If you paint before the putty is completely dry, it will not form an effective seal and could be leaking or discoloring in time.

Paint

If you've had a broken window pane, you might be worried about the cost of replacing it. In reality, replacing a single pane of glass doesn't have to be expensive even if you do it your own. In fact, even a double-pane window can be replaced at less than the cost of an expert.

If you are working with a large glass window first ensure it is securely fixed to the frame. By using the correct tools and techniques you can accomplish this task fairly easily and fast.

When you're ready to start with the removal of the old window pane by removing the glazing points made of metal that are attached to it. These are tiny triangles of metal that act as "nails", holding the window within the frame. They are submerged beneath a layer of glazing putty that is then cured to form a solid, moulded wedge which holds the window in place and conceals the edges.

After you have removed the old pane taken away, clean up the surrounding frame and wood. Scrape away any paint and sand down the rabbet grooves where the glazing points used to be. Sand them to bare wooden surfaces, allowing you to paint the frames the same shade. After sanding the wood, apply a layer of flax oil. This will help prolong the life of the frame.

Then, take measurements of the dimensions of the window's opening. It is necessary to take horizontal and vertical measurements of the entire opening and also the thickness of the old pane. Subtract 1/8 inch from each measurement to ensure you get a precise size for the new pane. This will also allow for expansion and contraction of the glass during seasons of changes. You can take these measurements to a hardware or home improvement store and have the glass cut for you.

Now, it's time to bed the new window pane. To do this, place the pane inside the frame and move it around until a 1/16 inch of putty remains between the edge of the glass and the sash on all four sides. Use a putty knife to smear the putty evenly, making sure that there isn't an excessive amount of excess putty in the corners and along the edges. When the putty dries, it can be painted with the same color as the frame to prevent water and air from leaking into the frame and causing fogging.