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How Does Machine Espresso Work?

The machine espresso makes use of precision pressure, and filter technology that is mind-blowing to create the coffee espresso machine you love. How exactly does it work?

Espresso is made by pushing hot water under pressure through finely-ground coffee. The process is similar to making drip coffee but the key difference is in the pressure.

The Group Head

The group head is the portafilter is inserted when you are making espresso. It is responsible for dispersing the water into the portafilter before controlling the pressure of the extraction. There are a variety of group heads each with its own advantages and drawbacks. Some are designed to provide temperature stability while others are designed to handle pre-infusion. Others are made to control the lever. Some are a combination, like the E61. This is a preferred choice for baristas since it provides multiple advantages in one package.

As you can see from the image above, the group head is fitted with several notches. The portafilter is placed in these notches, then twist the head to secure it. A gasket made of rubber is placed in the notches to create a seal while you insert your portafilter. The notches permit precise placement of the portafilter. This is essential for an even extraction.

The group head not only lets you to insert your portafilter easily however, it also keeps a constant temperature. This is achieved by cycling hot water around the portafilter and through the brew basin, ensuring the temperature is always right to extract the coffee. It is crucial to keep in mind that even a tiny deviation can make the difference between a great and a excellent espresso.

The Pump

In contrast to manual piston machines that use a lever to pressurize water, rotary espresso machines rely on motorized pumps to provide the nine atmospheric bars of pressure required for espresso extraction. This pressure is built up by pumping water through a heat-exchanger and then through the ground coffee.

Pumps are typically less expensive and last longer than piston-driven machines. However, both types of machines can degrade due to overuse and inadequate cleaning. Pumps are also more complex mechanically, which can increase the price of even the simple models.

Certain espresso machines utilize steam pressure instead of a pump to make espresso. The drawback is that the boiler that produces steam also raises the temperature of the water until it reaches boiling which could lead to over-extraction. The machines must also constantly rebuild their pressure between cups. This takes energy and portable time.

A large majority of espresso machines employ an rotary or a vibration pump. A vibration model uses an oscillating disk to create pressure, whereas the circular model pushes hot liquid through the ground at a rapid speed. Both machines can make excellent espresso, however rotary machines are quieter, more durable and less likely to break down.

The Boiler

The boiler is the part that heats water to an optimal temperature to extract. The steam created will eventually reach the portafilter, which contains the espresso coffee grounds. It is then pumped into the cup. The steam creates pressure that pushes through the coffee grounds. This creates a layer crema on top. This is the hallmark of a great espresso.

There are three types of espresso machines, each with different pumps and the temperature of the brew. There are a variety of ways that the brew may be controlled, as well as the dimensions of the cup the machine can produce.

The first espresso machines were steam-type. The earliest espresso machines were steam types. This led to the coffee tasting bitter and burnt. This is why Milanese makers Luigi Bezzerra and Desiderio Pavoni developed the modern espresso machine.

The most well-known espresso maker is a semi-automatic machine with an electric pump. When people think of espresso machines, they imagine these machines. With a semi-automatic machine you grind the beans and then tamp them by hand. However, the pump is able to regulate the flow of water and pressure. This is a great compromise between the human touch and the mechanised consistency.

The Filter

Typically, espresso machines have a filter to separate out the coffee grounds as they pass through the hot water. The filter is also a vital part of the temperature control system, as it prevents the machine from overheating.

It also aids in flavor, as a filter allows for a more prolonged bloom phase. This allows the beans to release their nuances and gives the chance for better extraction.

However it is crucial to remember that even a great filter can result in a poor cup of coffee, as the quality of the beans and extraction is important.

It's here that the magic occurs. This is the reason why espresso tastes so good. The grouphead (also called the brewhead) is where you place the portafilter, which is the thingy that you put the grounds of coffee into when making espresso.

Steam-driven espresso machines use hot water that is heated inside an airtight container to make steam. The steam then moves hot water through the grounds of coffee under high pressure. These machines are cheaper and easier for the user to maintain than pumps-driven models. However, they are limited in their capacity to create the ideal brewing conditions, since they operate at 1-1.5 bars of pressure, while the perfect shot requires 9-10 bars.

In recent years, compressed air pump-driven espresso machines have been gaining popularity. They utilize an air compressor to push hot water into the grounds and are much more portable than steam-driven electric machines.