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How to Replace Window Panes

A damaged window pane can be an inconvenience. This can be an opportunity to upgrade your windows to energy efficient or insulated ones, and reap advantages like improved comfort, higher resale value and reduced utility costs.

You can do it yourself for a less than what it would cost to employ an expert. It requires the right tools and an hour or two of your time.

Glass

Replace your old single-paned windows with tempered insulation glass to improve energy efficiency, cut down on noise, and protect the historic integrity of your older home. Most homeowners with basic hand tools can replace a window pane. In addition to a replacement pane, the following items are required for the replacement sash windows process: latex glazing putty glazier's points; pliers; and an electric heater to warm the old putty, if needed. Before beginning, wear gloves and safety goggles as working with broken glass can cause injuries.

Begin by removing any broken pieces of glass. This is best done using pliers, but flathead screwdrivers can be effective in a pinch. Then, use a wooden chisel or putty knife to remove the rest of the old putty around the frame and sash. Be careful to not scratch the window sash. Work slowly and carefully. It is best to work on a stable ladder rather than on the ground and to have someone standing below the sash in order to help hold it in place.

Make sure that the window frame is ready to accept the new pane when you have removed the old glue. To allow for seasonal expansion or contraction and contraction, subtract 1/8 inch from the measurements of the width and height. Bring these measurements to the nearest hardware store or home center and have a piece of stock glass cut to size. You can also cut the glass by yourself if you have the appropriate tools.

After installing the new glass Apply a small amount of caulking on the edges. This will make the glass weatherproof. Install a glazier's pointing on both sides of the frame. This will ensure the pane. The points shouldn't be tight enough to create friction between the frame and sash, but they should also not be loose.

Before applying the putty, make sure to knead it until it's soft and free of lumps. Then, roll it into pencil-size strips. The first strip should be glued to the frame's corner. Work from one corner to the next to ensure it's even and smooth.

Glazier's Points

The glazier's points are tiny triangular pieces of steel that help secure the glass into the window frame without causing any damage to the fragile surface. It's simple to learn how to use this nefarious tool, and you'll be able to save money on the cost of an expert installation.

After removing the old putty, glazier points, and any other remnants Clean the frame thoroughly with an utility knife. If needed, lightly sand the wood along rabbet grooves to smooth rough spots. If you do sand your wood, ensure you protect it with painter's tape to avoid accidental damage.

Take the dimensions of the frame and note down precise measurements. These measurements can be taken to an hardware or home centers store and the new pane will be cut a bit smaller. This will ensure a snug fit and will allow room for expansion and contraction.

Place the new pane in the frame and push it into the frame by using your hands. Utilize the point of the chisel, or the back of the putty knife to smudge the glazier's points, as illustrated in Figure 11. The glazier's points should be in line with the top edge of the pane and the shoulders raised should be just below that lip.

Apply a small amount of glazing compound over the edges of the glass that has been made and into the rabbet grooves to seal and protect them. Allow this to dry and cure fully.

After the glazing compound dries it's time to put in the new window sash. First, you need to coat the wood with an even layer of linseed. This will prevent the newly-created putty drying out or cracking when it absorbs moisture. Apply the coating using a brush this coat, or even the tip of the putty blade. Then use the chisel on the back of the putty tool or the back of the putty handle to gently smash the new sash or glazier's point into the rabbet grooves. Repeat this process every 10 inches around the frame's perimeter.

Putty

A baseball that is thrown, an errant rock or falling branch could cause a window to crack or break. The majority of windows can be repaired easily by putting in a new piece. The glass is held into place by a small metal clip, also known as a glazier's point and putty. This compound is also called glazing compound. Before you install a new pane, first get rid of the old one and clean the area using a rag and a pull-type paint scraper or the wood chisel. Wear gloves and safety glasses when working. You'll need a heating gun if the window is glued to the frame.

If you are planning to install the original sash, take off the molding that supports the old pane. Then sand the sash to ensure it's smooth and ready for new caulk. After the sash has been reinstalled then, you can apply a silicone caulk to the glass. This will ensure that it doesn't get soiled or discolor over time.

Remove the glazing points from the rabbets, the grooves in the sash where the glass is. If they are hard to chisel, use the hand tool, such as a heatgun over them for a few minutes to soften them. If you're using a heat gun, be careful not to damage the railings of the sash or the sash itself by placing the tool too close.

Create a bed for your new pane by removing the old glaze and putty. Roll a rope of glazing compound between your hands, and form it to be around 1/2-inch thick. Then, press it into the rabbets where the glass will be. The glass should rest against the putty on both sides. If you need to gently tap your glass into the rabbet using your thumb.

If the new pane is cracked, you can cover it with a solvent-based glue or silicone caulk prior to pressing it into the sash. In other cases, you'll need to putty over the crack to create an airtight seal and keep water out. After the putty is dry and the film is oily, wipe it off the glass Replacement on windows with an abrasive and allow it to completely dry before painting. If you paint before the putty has completely dry, it will not form an effective seal and could be leaking or discoloring in time.

Paint

You may be concerned about replacing a broken piece of glass. In reality, replacing a single pane of glass doesn't have to be expensive if you do it on your own. Even a double-paned window can be replaced for a fraction of what it will cost for a professional.

If you are working with large glass windows first, ensure that it is securely attached to the frame. With the right tools and techniques to complete this task easily and speedy.

When you are ready to start with the removal of the window pane. Remove the metal glazing points that are attached to it. These are basically small metal triangles which function as "nails" which hold the window in within the frame of wood. They are submerged under a bead of glazing putty that transforms into a solid molded wedge that secures the window in place and conceals the edges.

After removal of the old pane clean the frame and wood. Scrape away any old paint and sand down the rabbet grooves where the glazing points were. Sand them down to bare wood surfaces, so that you can paint the frames with the same shade. After sanding, apply a coat of flax oil to the wood that is not sanded down to help extend its lifespan.

The next step is to measure the dimensions of the window opening. You will need to take horizontal and vertical measurements of the entire opening as well as the thickness of the old pane. Subtract 1/8 inch from each measurement to ensure that you have the exact size for the new pane. This will allow for seasonal changes in the glass. You can bring these measurements to a hardware store or home improvement shop and get the glass cut for you.

Now, it's time to bed the new window pane. To do this, place the pane inside the frame and move it around until a 1/16 inch of putty remains between the edge of the glass and the sash on all four sides. Use a putty knife to smear the putty evenly, making sure that there isn't an excessive amount of excess putty in the corners and along the edges. When the putty dries, it can be painted with the same color as the frame to prevent water and air from leaking into the frame and causing fogging.